Northeast of Thailand

Northeast called in Thai “ภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ” The northeastern region is characterized by a split. from the northern and central regions prominently This is because the uplift of the land on the west and south creates a steep edge along the western Petchabun Mountains. The southern part is a steep edge along the San Kamphaeng and Phanom Dong Rak mountain ranges. The central part of this district is characterized by a basin similar to the bottom of a pan called the Korat basin, with the Chi and Mun rivers flowing through.

There are still many open plains, such as Thung Kula Ronghai, Thung Dog Hung, with the Phu Phan Thod mountain range. The long curve tends to the northeast of the region. Beyond the Phu Phan mountain range to the north, there is a low subsidence basin called the Sakon Nakhon Basin, resulting in many areas becoming swamps such as Nong Han Nai in Sakon Nakhon Province, Nong Prajak Nai in Udon Thani Province and Nong Yat Nai in Nakhon Phanom Province. Etc. The plateau area will be elevated in the west and the south. and slope towards southeast into the Mekong River The major rivers that flow through the Northeastern Plateau are the Chi River, the Mun River and its tributaries. which flows from the west into the Mekong River in the east.

Northeastern region covers an area of ​​160,000 square kilometers. It is half the size of Germany. The northeastern region is located on the Korat and Sakon Nakhon Basin. The slope is from the Phetchabun mountain range in the west of the region. down to the Mekong which separates Laos in the north and east of the region and the south is bordered by Cambodia by the Phanom Dong Rak mountain range The Korat basin is located in the lower northeastern region. The main rivers are the Mun River and the Chi River. The northern part of the Korat Basin extends to the Sakon Nakhon Basin and is blocked by the Phu Phan Mountain Range. The Sakon Nakhon Basin has the main rivers, the Loei River and the Songkhram River. The soil in the Northeast is mostly sandy. as well as a large number of salt deposits

The terrain of the northeastern region is flat. some are mountains especially in the central part of the region such as Kalasin Province Khon Kaen Province Chaiyaphum Province Nakhon Phanom Province Nakhon Ratchasima Province and Bueng Kan Province The highest point of the northeastern region is at Phu Luang Peak, 1,835 meters above sea level. Located in Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary (Loei Province)

Mountains and rivers in the Northeast
The main tributaries of the Mekong River in Thailand are the Mun River and the Chi River. The Mun River flows from Khao Yai National Park in Nakhon Ratchasima Province. and flows to the east confluence with the Mekong River in Ubon Ratchathani Province Another river is the Chi River, which flows through the central part of the Northeast. before flowing south to converge with the Mun River in Sisaket Province, the Loei River and the Songkhram River. It is also a tributary of the Mekong River. The Loei River flows north through Loei Province. and the Songkhram River flows east through Udon Thani Province. Sakon Nakhon Province Nakhon Phanom Province and Nong Khai Province

The average temperature range in the Northeast is from 30.2 degrees Celsius to 19.6 degrees Celsius, the highest recorded temperature is 43.9 degrees Celsius in Udon Thani Province. The lowest temperature is -1.4 degrees Celsius in Sakon Nakhon Province.

The total population of the Northeastern region in 2010 was approximately 21,305,000 people, 40% of the population was in Nakhon Ratchasima. Ubon Ratchathani Province Udon Thani Province and Khon Kaen Province The province has a municipality with the same name as the province, known as the “Four Big Cities of Isan“. In 2010, the population of the four municipalities was Nakhon Ratchasima Municipality 142,169, Udon Thani Municipality 137,979. , Khon Kaen Municipality 113,828 people, and Ubon Ratchathani Municipality 83,148 people. However, in 2010, only 50% of the population in this region lived in municipalities. Kalasin Province is the province with the largest municipality population. Roi Et province is the least, so some of the population remains in rural areas. but live around the urban center

The main language of this region is Isan, a Lao dialect on the right bank of the Mekong River. There are approximately 15 to 23 million Isan speakers, while there are also Khmer-Thai languages. which is one of the accents of the Khmer language Used a lot in the southeastern area. The central Thai language is commonly used as an official language, especially in large cities. But it is not considered the main language. There is also a Thai accent in Korat. Used to speak in Nakhon Ratchasima and nearby provinces with about 10,000 users.

Northeastern map It is a large plain in the center of Laem Thong. or Indo-Pacific It is between the longitude of 101 degrees and 105 degrees east and latitude 14 degrees and 18 degrees 30 minutes north. There are mountains framed around the area on almost every side. Therefore, the condition is a plateau area separated from the central region and the east with a mountain range and the great forest The Mekong River is blocked in the north and east. and is the border line between Thailand and Laos historically In ancient times, this region used to be the Khmer Empire before it fell to Thailand. So at present there are Khmer people. and tribute mixed with the Thai people in the south of the region The northern and eastern parts There were some Vietnamese people coming into the mix. especially after the Great East Asia War. There have been many Vietnamese immigrants to live in. In addition, there are common nationalities, both genuine Chinese and hybrids, due to the fact that the area is a plateau. The weather is very hot and cold. The ground does not store water, so it is dry. The vast area is forest and grassland. However, in the later period, when there were more irrigation projects, This made this region become the second source of breadbasket after the central region. in geopolitical The northeastern region is in the Kranab region of Laos and Cambodia. Contact with Laos is convenient along the border. because only the Mekong River is blocked and the people are the same tribe as Thailand As for the Khmer Phanom Dong Rak mountain range is completely blocked. Contact was confined to various channels through steep hills. and is always a long line The northeastern region has an area of ​​approximately 155,400 square kilometers. or about a third of the area of ​​Thailand and has a population of about a third of the country’s population.